The major benefit of five-axis
machining is the ability to machine
complex shapes in a single set-up.
This gives greater machining
productivity compared to performing
the job in a series of set ups, as
well as significantly reducing the
time and cost of preparing fixtures.
Furthermore, with multiple set-ups,
there is always a possibility of
incorrect alignment each time the
part is moved.
Another important
advantage of five-axis machining is
that it enables shorter cutting
tools to be used since the head can
be lowered towards the job and the
cutter oriented towards the surface.
As a result, higher cutting speeds
can be achieved without putting
excessive load on the cutter, so
increasing tool life and reducing
breakages.
The use of shorter cutters also
reduces the vibration of the tool
that can result when machining deep
cores or cavities with three-axis
machines. This allows a higher
quality surface finish to be
obtained, so reducing, or even
eliminating, the need for
time-consuming hand finishing.
Another major benefit from the
use of five-axis machining is the
ability to machine extremely complex
parts from solid that would
otherwise have to be cast. For
prototypes and very small runs, this
approach is much quicker and
cheaper. It can give lead times of
one or two weeks, instead of two
months or more that would be needed
for castings.
Five-axis machining can give also
huge time savings in the drilling of
holes. While this may seem trivial
in comparison to the difficulty of
machining a complex core or cavity,
drilling a series of holes with
different compound angles is
extremely time consuming. If a
three-axis machine is used, a
different set-up must be used for
each hole. With a five-axis machine,
the head can be oriented along the
correct axis for each hole
automatically, allowing drilling to
be completed much more quickly.